Data Structures

Data structures are used to store and organize data in Python. There are several built-in data structures in Python, including lists, tuples, sets, and dictionaries.

• Lists are ordered and mutable collections of items. They are enclosed in square brackets [] and can contain elements of different types. Lists allow indexing and slicing.

• Tuples are ordered and immutable collections of items. They are enclosed in parentheses () and can contain elements of different types. Tuples allow indexing and slicing.

• Sets are unordered and mutable collections of unique items. They are enclosed in curly braces {} or created using the set() function. Sets do not allow duplicate elements.

• Dictionaries are unordered and mutable collections of key-value pairs. They are enclosed in curly braces {} and consist of keys and their corresponding values. Dictionaries allow fast lookup and retrieval of values based on their keys.

Here's an example that demonstrates creating, accessing, modifying, and adding elements to these data structures:

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print(person)  # Output: {'name': 'John', 'age': 35, 'city': 'New York'}

# Creating a list

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

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# Accessing elements in a list

print(numbers[0])  # Output: 1

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# Modifying elements in a list

numbers[2] = 10

print(numbers)  # Output: [1, 2, 10, 4, 5]

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# Appending elements to a list

numbers.append(6)

print(numbers)  # Output: [1, 2, 10, 4, 5, 6]

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# Creating a tuple

fruits = ('apple', 'banana', 'cherry')

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# Accessing elements in a tuple

print(fruits[1])  # Output: banana

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# Creating a set

colors = {'red', 'green', 'blue'}

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# Adding elements to a set

colors.add('yellow')

print(colors)  # Output: {'blue', 'red', 'yellow', 'green'}

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# Creating a dictionary

person = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}