Object-Oriented Programming

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of "objects", which can contain data and code that manipulate that data. It provides a way to structure and organize code for large-scale software development.

In OOP, the building blocks are classes and objects.

• A class is a blueprint or template that describes the properties and behaviors of a particular type of object.
• An object is an instance of a class that holds its own data and methods.

Let's take an example that relates to your interest in home renovation. Suppose you have a blueprint for a house, which includes the general structure, rooms, and functionalities. This blueprint serves as a class. Based on this blueprint, you can build multiple houses, each representing an object. Each house has its own unique characteristics and functionalities, but they are all based on the same blueprint.

Object-Oriented Programming allows you to create modular and reusable code by encapsulating data and behavior within objects.

One of the key concepts in OOP is inheritance. Inheritance allows you to define a new class based on an existing class, inheriting all of its properties and behaviors. Continuing with the home renovation analogy, you can have a blueprint for a basic house, and then create a more specialized blueprint for a luxury house that inherits the properties and behaviors of the basic house, but also adds additional features.

In C++, you can create classes using the class keyword. Here's a basic example:

1#include <iostream>
2using namespace std;
3
4// Define a class
5
6class House {
7public:
8    string address;
9    int numRooms;
10
11    void printInfo() {
12        cout << "Address: " << address << endl;
13        cout << "Number of Rooms: " << numRooms << endl;
14    }
15};
16
17int main() {
18    // Create an object
19    House myHouse;
20
21    // Set properties
22    myHouse.address = "123 Main St";
23    myHouse.numRooms = 3;
24
25    // Call a method
26    myHouse.printInfo();
27
28    return 0;
29}

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#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

​

// Define a class

​

int main() {

​

    return 0;

}