Linux Architecture

Linux OS is composed of several components which work in accordance to keep the system running. Let's discuss them below.

Hardware

Peripheral devices such as RAM, HDD, CPU, are part of the hardware layer. They receive function calls from the kernel to perform the desired operations.

Kernel

The core part of an operating system is the kernel. Kernels are responsible for the execution, controlling, and allocating memory of processes in a system. It directly interacts with the machine hardware and hides the low-level details during the execution of programs.

Shell

Shell is an interface between a user and a kernel, which takes commands from the user and executes them according to the kernel's functionality. This interface makes sure that the user gives the required commands only.

System Utilities and Applications

System utilities and other applications are the softwares that send kernel commands to perform required operations.