Vector Operations

In C++, vectors provide a variety of operations that make it easy to manipulate and work with the data stored in the vector. Let's explore some common vector operations:

Sorting

Sorting a vector allows you to arrange its elements in ascending or descending order. You can use the std::sort() function from the <algorithm> library to achieve this. Here's an example:

1#include <iostream>
2#include <vector>
3#include <algorithm>
4
5int main() {
6  std::vector<int> numbers = {5, 2, 8, 3, 1};
7
8  // Sorting the vector
9  std::sort(numbers.begin(), numbers.end());
10
11  for (int num : numbers) {
12    std::cout << num << " ";
13  }
14
15  return 0;
16}

The output of this code will be: 1 2 3 5 8, which is the sorted order of the elements in the vector.

Searching

To search for a specific element in a vector, you can use the std::find() function from the <algorithm> library. This function returns an iterator pointing to the first occurrence of the element in the vector, or the end iterator if the element is not found. Here's an example:

1#include <iostream>
2#include <vector>
3#include <algorithm>
4
5int main() {
6  std::vector<int> numbers = {5, 2, 8, 3, 1};
7
8  int target = 3;
9  auto it = std::find(numbers.begin(), numbers.end(), target);
10
11  if (it != numbers.end()) {
12    std::cout << "Found";
13  } else {
14    std::cout << "Not found";
15  }
16
17  return 0;
18}

The output of this code will be: Found, indicating that the element 3 is present in the vector.

Merging

You can merge two vectors into one by using the insert() function of the vector. This function takes an iterator range and appends the elements from another vector to the end of the original vector. Here's an example:

1#include <iostream>
2#include <vector>
3#include <algorithm>
4
5int main() {
6  std::vector<int> numbers = {5, 2, 8, 3, 1};
7  std::vector<int> moreNumbers = {4, 6, 7};
8
9  numbers.insert(numbers.end(), moreNumbers.begin(), moreNumbers.end());
10
11  for (int num : numbers) {
12    std::cout << num << " ";
13  }
14
15  return 0;
16}

The output of this code will be: 5 2 8 3 1 4 6 7, which is the merged vector containing the elements from both vectors.

These are just a few examples of the operations you can perform on vectors in C++. By utilizing these operations, you can easily manipulate and work with the data stored in a vector to meet your specific needs. Try experimenting with different vectors and exploring more vector operations to deepen your understanding.

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#include <iostream>

#include <vector>

#include <algorithm>

​

int main() {

  std::vector<int> numbers = {5, 2, 8, 3, 1};

​

  // Sorting the vector

  std::sort(numbers.begin(), numbers.end());

​

  // Searching for an element

  int target = 3;

  auto it = std::find(numbers.begin(), numbers.end(), target);

​

  // Merging two vectors

  std::vector<int> moreNumbers = {4, 6, 7};

  numbers.insert(numbers.end(), moreNumbers.begin(), moreNumbers.end());

​

  // Printing the sorted and merged vector

  for (int num : numbers) {

    std::cout << num << " ";

  }

​

  return 0;

}