Infrastructure as Code (IAC) refers to the practice of managing and provisioning infrastructure resources using machine-readable definition files rather than manually configuring them.

One popular tool for implementing IAC in AWS is CloudFormation. CloudFormation is a service that allows you to define and provision AWS infrastructure resources using templates written in JSON or YAML.

CloudFormation templates are essentially configuration files that describe the desired state of your AWS resources. They specify the resources to be created, their properties, and any associated dependencies.

Here's an example of a simple CloudFormation template in YAML that creates an S3 bucket:

1AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
2Resources:
3  MyBucket:
4    Type: 'AWS::S3::Bucket'
5    Properties:
6      BucketName: my-bucket

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class Main {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    // Replace with your CloudFormation template logic

    String template = "{\n  \"AWSTemplateFormatVersion\": \"2010-09-09\",\n  \"Resources\": {\n    \"MyBucket\": {\n      \"Type\": \"AWS::S3::Bucket\",\n      \"Properties\": {\n        \"BucketName\": \"my-bucket\"\n      }\n    }\n  }\n}";

    System.out.println("CloudFormation Template:\n" + template);

  }

}