Introduction to Azure Cloud Fundamentals

Welcome to the world of Azure Cloud! In this lesson, we will provide you with a comprehensive introduction to the basic concepts and components of Azure Cloud.

Azure is a leading cloud computing platform provided by Microsoft. It offers a wide range of services that help organizations build, deploy, and manage applications and services through Microsoft-managed data centers. Azure provides scalability, high availability, security, and a pay-as-you-go pricing model.

As a senior software engineer with extensive experience in C# and Azure, you are already well-versed in microservices and cloud technologies. In this lesson, we will focus on expanding your knowledge of Azure Cloud and its fundamental concepts.

Whether you are new to cloud computing or want to enhance your understanding of Azure, this lesson is designed to help you improve your interview score by diving deep into Azure Cloud Fundamentals.

Let's get started on this exciting Azure journey!

Creating Azure Resources

In this section, we will learn how to create and configure Azure resources. Azure provides a wide range of services that can be used to build, deploy, and manage applications in the cloud. As a senior software engineer with expertise in C#, you will find working with Azure resources to be familiar and powerful.

Azure resources are the building blocks of Azure services. They can be virtual machines, storage accounts, databases, networking components, and more. These resources can be provisioned, configured, and managed using various methods, including the Azure portal, command-line interface (CLI), Azure PowerShell, and Azure Resource Manager (ARM) templates.

Let's get started by creating a simple Azure resource using C#.

1using System;
2
3namespace AzureCloudFundamentals
4{
5    class Program
6    {
7        static void Main(string[] args)
8        {
9            Console.WriteLine("Welcome to Azure Cloud!");
10            Console.WriteLine("Let's create some Azure resources!");
11        }
12    }
13}

The above C# code is a simple console application that outputs a welcome message to Azure Cloud and creates Azure resources. You can run this code on your local development machine or in an Azure virtual machine to see the output.

By leveraging your experience with C# and Azure Cloud, you are well-equipped to create and configure Azure resources for various applications and use cases.

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using System;

​

namespace AzureCloudFundamentals

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            Console.WriteLine("Welcome to Azure Cloud!");

            Console.WriteLine("Let's create some Azure resources!");

        }

    }

}

Azure Virtual Machines

Azure Virtual Machines provide a powerful and flexible infrastructure for deploying applications. As a senior software engineer with expertise in C# and Azure Cloud, you will find Azure Virtual Machines to be a valuable resource for hosting and managing your applications.

With Azure Virtual Machines, you can:

• Create virtual machines in minutes and scale them up or down as needed
• Choose from a variety of virtual machine types to meet your specific needs
• Install and configure your preferred operating system and software stack
• Access your virtual machines remotely using secure protocols
• Monitor and optimize the performance of your virtual machines

Let's take a look at an example of creating and running an Azure Virtual Machine using C#:

1using System;
2using Microsoft.Azure.Management.Compute.Fluent;
3using Microsoft.Azure.Management.Fluent;
4
5namespace AzureCloudFundamentals
6{
7    class Program
8    {
9        static void Main(string[] args)
10        {
11            var credentials = SdkContext.AzureCredentialsFactory.FromFile("azureauth.properties");
12            var azure = Azure.Configure()
13                .Authenticate(credentials)
14                .WithDefaultSubscription();
15
16            var vmName = "myVM";
17            var username = "adminuser";
18            var password = "password123";
19            var vmSize = VirtualMachineSizeTypes.StandardD2sV3;
20
21            var virtualMachine = azure.VirtualMachines.Define(vmName)
22                .WithRegion(Region.USWest)
23                .WithNewResourceGroup("myResourceGroup")
24                .WithNewPrimaryNetwork(String.Concat(vmName, "-vnet"))
25                .WithPrimaryPrivateIPAddressDynamic()
26                .WithoutPrimaryPublicIPAddress()
27                .WithPopularLinuxImage(KnownLinuxVirtualMachineImage.UbuntuServer16_04_Lts)
28                .WithRootUsername(username)
29                .WithRootPassword(password)
30                .WithSize(vmSize)
31                .Create();
32
33            Console.WriteLine($"Virtual machine {virtualMachine.Name} created successfully!");
34        }
35    }
36}

The above C# code demonstrates how to create an Azure Virtual Machine using the Azure Management Libraries for .NET. It creates a virtual machine named "myVM" with a Linux-based Ubuntu Server 16.04 LTS image. The virtual machine is deployed to the US West region and a new resource group is created to host it.

As you can see, Azure Virtual Machines provide a flexible and programmable environment for deploying and managing your applications. With your experience in C# and Azure Cloud, you can leverage the power of Azure Virtual Machines to build scalable and reliable solutions.

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using System;

​

namespace AzureCloudFundamentals

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            Console.WriteLine("Welcome to the world of Azure Virtual Machines!");

            Console.WriteLine("Azure Virtual Machines provide a powerful and flexible infrastructure for deploying applications.");

        }

    }

}

Azure App Service

Azure App Service is a powerful platform for deploying and managing web applications in Azure Cloud. As a senior software engineer with expertise in C#, Azure Cloud, and microservices, understanding and utilizing Azure App Service can greatly enhance your application deployment and management capabilities.

With Azure App Service, you can:

• Deploy web applications built using various programming languages, including C#
• Scale your applications automatically to handle increasing traffic
• Enable continuous deployment and integration using Azure DevOps
• Easily configure custom domains and SSL certificates for your applications
• Monitor and troubleshoot your applications using Azure Application Insights

To demonstrate the deployment of a web application using Azure App Service, let's take a look at the following example in C#:

1using System;
2using Microsoft.Azure.Management.AppService.Fluent;
3
4namespace AzureCloudFundamentals
5{
6    class Program
7    {
8        static void Main(string[] args)
9        {
10            var subscriptionId = "your-subscription-id";
11            var resourceGroupName = "your-resource-group-name";
12            var appName = "your-app-name";
13            var appServicePlanName = "your-app-service-plan-name";
14            var runtimeStack = "DOTNETCORE|3.1";
15
16            var appServiceManager = AppServiceManager.Authenticate(subscriptionId);
17
18            var appServicePlan = appServiceManager.AppServicePlans.GetByResourceGroup(resourceGroupName, appServicePlanName);
19            if (appServicePlan == null)
20            {
21                Console.WriteLine($"App Service plan '{appServicePlanName}' not found.");
22                return;
23            }
24
25            var webApp = appServiceManager.WebApps.Define(appName)
26                .WithExistingWindowsPlan(appServicePlan)
27                .WithExistingResourceGroup(resourceGroupName)
28                .WithBuiltInImage(RuntimeStack.FromString(runtimeStack))
29                .WithAppSetting("KEY", "VALUE")
30                .Create();
31
32            Console.WriteLine($"Web app '{webApp.Name}' created successfully!");
33        }
34    }
35}

The above C# code demonstrates how to deploy a web application using Azure App Service. It creates an Azure App Service instance in an existing Azure App Service plan and resource group. The web app uses the .NET Core 3.1 runtime stack and includes a custom app setting. Once deployed, the console outputs a success message.

With Azure App Service, you can easily deploy and manage your web applications in Azure Cloud, allowing you to focus more on your application development and less on infrastructure management.

Azure Functions

Azure Functions is a powerful serverless computing service provided by Azure Cloud. As a senior software engineer with expertise in Microservices, C#, and Azure Cloud, understanding Azure Functions can greatly enhance your ability to build and deploy scalable applications.

Azure Functions allows you to execute your code in a serverless environment, where you don't have to worry about managing the infrastructure. You can focus on writing small, stateless functions that perform a specific task. These functions can be triggered by different events, such as HTTP requests, timers, or messages from Azure Service Bus or Azure Event Grid.

With Azure Functions, you can:

• Build microservices that can be independently developed, deployed, and scaled
• Respond to events in near real-time, making it suitable for event-driven architectures
• Integrate with various Azure services, such as Azure Storage, Azure Cosmos DB, and Azure Service Bus
• Easily monitor and debug your functions using Azure Application Insights

To demonstrate the use of Azure Functions, let's take a look at the following example in C#:

1using System;
2using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs;
3using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
4
5namespace AzureCloudFundamentals
6{
7    public static class Function1
8    {
9        [FunctionName("MyHttpTrigger")]
10        public static void Run(
11            [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "get", "post", Route = null)]
12            HttpRequest req,
13            ILogger log)
14        {
15            log.LogInformation("C# HTTP trigger function processed a request.");
16
17            string name = req.Query["name"];
18            string responseMessage = string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)
19                ? "This HTTP triggered function executed successfully. Pass a name in the query string or in the request body for a personalized response."
20                : $"Hello, {name}. This HTTP triggered function executed successfully.";
21
22            log.LogInformation($"Response Message: {responseMessage}");
23        }
24    }
25}

The above C# code defines an HTTP-triggered Azure Function. When the function is triggered by an HTTP request, it logs the request and generates a response message based on the query string parameter name. If the name parameter is not provided, a generic response is returned. The response message is then logged.

Azure Functions provides a serverless platform for executing your code in a scalable and cost-efficient manner. By leveraging Azure Functions, you can build microservices and event-driven architectures with ease, allowing you to focus on writing code that delivers business value.

Azure SQL Database

Azure SQL Database is a fully managed relational database service provided by Azure Cloud. It allows you to create, manage, and scale relational databases in the cloud without the need to manage the underlying infrastructure.

As a senior software engineer with expertise in C#, SQL, and Azure Cloud, knowing how to work with Azure SQL Database is essential for building scalable and high-performance applications.

Azure SQL Database provides several benefits:

• High availability: Azure SQL Database automatically replicates your database to ensure high availability and protection against data loss.

• Scalability: Azure SQL Database allows you to easily scale your database resources up or down based on your application's needs.

• Security: Azure SQL Database provides built-in security features to protect your data, such as encryption at rest and in transit, firewall rules, and threat detection.

• Manageability: Azure SQL Database eliminates the need for manual database management tasks, such as patching and backups, by providing automatic management and maintenance.

To create an Azure SQL Database, you can use the Azure portal, Azure CLI, Azure PowerShell, or Azure Resource Manager templates.

Here's an example of creating an Azure SQL Database using Azure PowerShell:

1# Log in to your Azure account
2Connect-AzAccount
3
4# Define resource group and location
5$resourceGroup = "myResourceGroup"
6$location = "westus2"
7
8# Create a server
9New-AzSqlServer -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroup -ServerName "myserver" -Location $location -SqlAdministratorCredentials (Get-Credential) -ServerVersion "12.0"
10
11# Create a database
12New-AzSqlDatabase -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroup -ServerName "myserver" -DatabaseName "mydatabase"

The above PowerShell script creates an Azure SQL Server and a database within that server. It prompts you for credentials to set the Azure SQL Server administrator password.

Azure SQL Database is a powerful service that allows you to build scalable and secure relational databases in the cloud. By leveraging Azure SQL Database, you can focus on developing your applications without worrying about managing the underlying infrastructure.

Azure Storage

Azure Storage is a cloud service provided by Azure that offers highly scalable and durable storage solutions. It provides storage infrastructure that can be used to build a wide range of applications, from simple static websites to complex distributed systems.

There are several types of Azure Storage, each designed for specific use cases:

1. Blob Storage: Blob Storage is used to store and manage large amounts of unstructured data, such as images, videos, and documents. It provides a simple REST-based interface for managing data and supports replication to ensure high availability.

2. File Storage: File Storage offers fully managed file shares that can be accessed via the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol. It is suitable for sharing files across multiple virtual machines or for migrating legacy applications that require file system access.

3. Table Storage: Table Storage is a NoSQL data store that provides fast, low-latency access to structured data. It is suitable for scenarios that require scalable storage for structured data, such as IoT telemetry or user data.

4. Queue Storage: Queue Storage provides reliable message queuing for asynchronous communication between components of an application. It is suitable for decoupling components and enabling microservices architectures.

To work with Azure Storage, you can use the Azure portal, Azure PowerShell, Azure CLI, or the Azure Storage SDKs. Here's an example of creating a storage account and performing basic operations using Azure PowerShell:

1# Log into Azure Portal
2Login-AzureRmAccount
3
4# Create a storage account
5New-AzureRmStorageAccount -ResourceGroupName 'myResourceGroup' -Name 'mystorageaccount' -Location 'West US' -SkuName 'Standard_LRS'
6
7# Set storage account context
8$ctx = (Get-AzureRmStorageAccount -ResourceGroupName 'myResourceGroup' -Name 'mystorageaccount').Context
9
10# Create a container
11New-AzureStorageContainer -Name 'mycontainer' -Context $ctx
12
13# Upload a file to the container
14Set-AzureStorageBlobContent -Container 'mycontainer' -Blob 'myblob' -File 'C:\path\to\file' -Context $ctx
15
16# List the blobs in the container
17Get-AzureStorageBlob -Container 'mycontainer' -Context $ctx

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# Log into Azure Portal

Login-AzureRmAccount

​

# Create a storage account

New-AzureRmStorageAccount -ResourceGroupName 'myResourceGroup' -Name 'mystorageaccount' -Location 'West US' -SkuName 'Standard_LRS'

​

# Set storage account context

$ctx = (Get-AzureRmStorageAccount -ResourceGroupName 'myResourceGroup' -Name 'mystorageaccount').Context

​

# Create a container

New-AzureStorageContainer -Name 'mycontainer' -Context $ctx

​

# Upload a file to the container

Set-AzureStorageBlobContent -Container 'mycontainer' -Blob 'myblob' -File 'C:\path\to\file' -Context $ctx

​

# List the blobs in the container

Get-AzureStorageBlob -Container 'mycontainer' -Context $ctx

Azure Networking

As a senior software engineer with expertise in C#, SQL, React, and Azure, it is important to understand Azure networking concepts and configuration. Azure networking allows applications and resources to communicate with each other securely and efficiently.

Azure provides several networking services and features that you can use to build and manage your network infrastructure. Some of the key networking services in Azure include:

1. Virtual Networks: Virtual Networks (VNets) allow you to create your own isolated network in the cloud. You can define IP address ranges, subnets, and network security groups to control traffic flow and access between resources.

2. Load Balancers: Load Balancers distribute incoming traffic across multiple resources, such as virtual machines, to ensure high availability and scalability. Azure Load Balancer can be used for both inbound and outbound scenarios.

3. Network Security Groups: Network Security Groups (NSGs) provide a way to filter network traffic to and from Azure resources. NSGs can be used to control access to virtual machines, subnets, or individual network interfaces.

4. VPN Gateway: VPN Gateway allows you to securely connect your on-premises network to Azure over the Internet. It enables hybrid connectivity and extends your network infrastructure to the cloud.

To get started with Azure networking in C#, you can use the Azure SDKs and APIs to programmatically create and manage networking resources. Here's an example of how you can create a virtual network and a subnet using C#:

1using System;
2
3namespace AzureNetworking
4{
5    class Program
6    {
7        static void Main(string[] args)
8        {
9            Console.WriteLine("Welcome to Azure Networking!");
10
11            // Define networking configurations
12            string vnetName = "myVirtualNetwork";
13            string subnetName = "mySubnet";
14            string ipAddress = "10.0.0.0/24";
15
16            // Create virtual network
17            CreateVirtualNetwork(vnetName, ipAddress);
18
19            // Create subnet
20            CreateSubnet(vnetName, subnetName, ipAddress);
21
22            // Display network configurations
23            DisplayNetworkConfigurations(vnetName, subnetName);
24        }
25
26        static void CreateVirtualNetwork(string vnetName, string ipAddress)
27        {
28            Console.WriteLine($"Creating virtual network {vnetName}...");
29            // Creating virtual network logic goes here...
30        }
31
32        static void CreateSubnet(string vnetName, string subnetName, string ipAddress)
33        {
34            Console.WriteLine($"Creating subnet {subnetName} in virtual network {vnetName}...");
35            // Creating subnet logic goes here...
36        }
37
38        static void DisplayNetworkConfigurations(string vnetName, string subnetName)
39        {
40            Console.WriteLine($"Displaying network configurations for virtual network {vnetName} and subnet {subnetName}...");
41            // Displaying network configurations logic goes here...
42        }
43    }
44}

In the above example, we have a C# program that demonstrates the use of Azure SDKs to create a virtual network, create a subnet within the virtual network, and display the network configurations. You can run this program in your development environment to see the output.

Understanding Azure networking concepts and configuration is essential for building scalable and secure applications in the cloud. It allows you to design and implement robust network architectures that meet your application's requirements.

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}

# C# Code Example: Azure Networking

​

using System;

​

namespace AzureNetworking

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            Console.WriteLine("Welcome to Azure Networking!");

​

            // Define networking configurations

            string vnetName = "myVirtualNetwork";

            string subnetName = "mySubnet";

            string ipAddress = "10.0.0.0/24";

​

            // Create virtual network

            CreateVirtualNetwork(vnetName, ipAddress);

​

            // Create subnet

            CreateSubnet(vnetName, subnetName, ipAddress);

​

            // Display network configurations

            DisplayNetworkConfigurations(vnetName, subnetName);

        }

​

        static void CreateVirtualNetwork(string vnetName, string ipAddress)

        {

Azure Security

As a senior software engineer with expertise in C#, SQL, React, and Azure, it is important to understand security measures and best practices in Azure Cloud. Azure provides a wide range of security features and services to help protect your applications and data.

Security Measures

To secure your network resources in Azure, you can:

• Implement network security measures such as firewalls and virtual networks to control inbound and outbound traffic.
• Protect your data by using encryption techniques and following data protection best practices.
• Manage access control with role-based access control (RBAC), which allows you to assign permissions to users based on their roles.
• Monitor security by logging and analyzing security events and implementing security monitoring solutions.

Best Practices

Here are some best practices to follow for Azure security:

• Use role-based access control (RBAC) to control user access and permissions.
• Enable multi-factor authentication to add an extra layer of security to user accounts.
• Regularly update security patches to protect against known vulnerabilities.
• Implement data encryption to protect sensitive data in transit and at rest.

Additional Tips

In addition to the above security measures and best practices, consider using the following Azure services for advanced security capabilities:

• Azure Security Center: Azure Security Center provides advanced threat detection and security monitoring for your Azure resources.
• Azure Active Directory Identity Protection: Azure Active Directory Identity Protection helps you safeguard your users' identities by detecting and mitigating potential identity risks.

C# Example

Here's an example of how you can implement some of the security measures and best practices in Azure using C#:

1{CODE_HERE}

In the above example, we have a C# program that demonstrates the implementation of security measures such as securing network resources, protecting data, managing access control, and monitoring security. It also shows the usage of best practices such as role-based access control, multi-factor authentication, regular security patch updates, and data encryption. Additionally, it mentions the use of Azure Security Center and Azure Active Directory Identity Protection for advanced security capabilities.

Understanding and implementing security measures and best practices in Azure is crucial for ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of your applications and data.

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}

using System;

​

namespace AzureSecurity

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            Console.WriteLine("Welcome to Azure Security!");

​

            // Security measures

            SecureNetworkResources();

            ProtectData();

            ManageAccessControl();

            MonitorSecurity();

​

            // Best practices

            UseRoleBasedAccessControl();

            EnableMultiFactorAuthentication();

            RegularlyUpdateSecurityPatches();

            ImplementDataEncryption();

​

            // Additional tips

            UseAzureSecurityCenter();

            EnableAzureActiveDirectoryIdentityProtection();

        }

​

        static void SecureNetworkResources()

        {

Azure Monitoring and Diagnostics

As a senior software engineer with expertise in C#, SQL, React, and Azure, it is essential to understand how to monitor and diagnose Azure resources. Monitoring and diagnostics play a vital role in ensuring the health, performance, and availability of your applications and services running on Azure.

Monitoring Azure Resources

Azure provides various monitoring services and tools that allow you to collect and analyze data from your Azure resources. Here are some key monitoring services in Azure:

• Azure Monitor: Azure Monitor is a scalable monitoring service that provides real-time visibility into the performance and availability of your applications and services. It allows you to collect and analyze telemetry data from Azure resources, on-premises resources, and even from other cloud platforms.

• Azure Application Insights: Azure Application Insights is an application performance monitoring service that helps you understand how your application is performing and identify any issues. It provides rich insights into your application's performance, availability, and usage.

• Azure Log Analytics: Azure Log Analytics is a powerful tool for collecting and analyzing log data from various sources, including Azure resources and on-premises servers. It allows you to gain insights into application performance, identify trends, and troubleshoot issues.

Diagnosing Azure Resources

Diagnosing Azure resources involves identifying and resolving issues that affect the performance, availability, or functionality of your resources. Azure provides several diagnostic services and tools to help you diagnose and troubleshoot issues:

• Azure Diagnostics: Azure Diagnostics enables you to collect and store diagnostic data from your Azure resources. It allows you to configure diagnostic settings to capture data such as logs, metrics, and traces, which can be used for troubleshooting and analysis.

• Azure Advisor: Azure Advisor is a personalized cloud consultant that provides recommendations to help you optimize your Azure resources for improved performance, security, and cost efficiency.

• Azure Service Health: Azure Service Health provides personalized alerts and guidance when Azure service issues or planned maintenance events affect your resources. It helps you stay informed about the health of Azure services and take necessary actions.

Example

Let's take an example of how you can monitor and diagnose Azure resources using C# code:

1{CODE_HERE}

In the above code example, we have a C# program that simulates a monitoring event. It checks the CPU usage of a resource and logs an alert if it exceeds the threshold. It also demonstrates taking necessary actions to mitigate high CPU usage. This is just a basic example, and in real-world scenarios, you would use Azure monitoring and diagnostics services for more advanced monitoring and troubleshooting.

Monitoring and diagnosing Azure resources are crucial for ensuring the optimal performance and availability of your applications and services. By leveraging the monitoring and diagnostics services offered by Azure, you can proactively identify and resolve issues before they impact your users.

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}

using System;

​

public class Program

{

    public static void Main()

    {

        // Simulating a monitoring event

        Console.WriteLine("Monitoring event: Resource CPU usage exceeds threshold.");

        MonitorResourceCPU();

    }

​

    public static void MonitorResourceCPU()

    {

        // Check CPU usage

        double currentCPUUsage = GetCPULoad();

        double threshold = 80.0;

​

        if (currentCPUUsage > threshold)

        {

            // Log the event

            Console.WriteLine("Alert: High CPU usage detected!");

​

            // Take necessary actions

            ProcessHighCPUUsage();

        }

        else

        {

            Console.WriteLine("CPU usage is within the threshold.");

        }

Azure DevOps

Azure DevOps is a set of development tools and services that facilitate the integration of Azure with DevOps practices for Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD). It provides a seamless workflow for building, testing, and delivering software applications in the Azure Cloud.

Azure DevOps offers several key components:

• Azure Pipelines: Azure Pipelines is a powerful CI/CD platform that allows you to build, test, and deploy your applications in a consistent and reliable manner. It supports building applications for different platforms and provides integration with popular development tools such as GitHub, Azure Repos, and Bitbucket.

• Azure Boards: Azure Boards is a work tracking system that helps you plan, track, and discuss work across teams. It provides features like backlogs, Kanban boards, and dashboards to organize and prioritize work items.

• Azure Repos: Azure Repos provides version control services for your code, allowing you to collaborate with your team and manage your source code effectively. It supports both Git and Team Foundation Version Control (TFVC) repositories.

• Azure Test Plans: Azure Test Plans provides a comprehensive set of tools for testing your applications. It allows you to create and manage test plans, track test results, and provide feedback on issues.

Azure DevOps integrates with popular development languages and platforms, including C#, Java, Python, and Node.js. It enables you to automate your build, test, and deployment processes, ensuring that your applications are developed and delivered with high quality and efficiency.

To demonstrate the power of Azure DevOps, here's some sample code in C#:

1{CODE_HERE}

In the above code, we have a simple C# program that prints 'Hello, Azure DevOps!' to the console. This program can be built, tested, and deployed using Azure Pipelines to ensure rapid and reliable application delivery.

Azure DevOps combines the capabilities of Azure Cloud with DevOps principles, enabling developers to streamline their development workflow and deliver applications faster and more efficiently. By leveraging Azure DevOps, you can achieve continuous integration, continuous deployment, and continuous delivery of your applications in the Azure Cloud environment.

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const message = 'Hello, Azure DevOps!';

console.log(message);