Designing Classes

In the process of high-level design, one of the crucial steps is designing the classes that will make up the system. Classes play a significant role in encapsulating the behavior and data of different entities within the system.

When designing classes, it is essential to consider the following aspects:

• Responsibilities: What are the responsibilities of each class? Each class should have a clear purpose and should be responsible for a specific set of behaviors and data.
• Relationships: How do the classes relate to each other? A well-designed system will have well-defined relationships between classes, such as composition, inheritance, or association.
• Abstraction: How can we abstract the common behavior and attributes of related classes? By designing classes with appropriate inheritance and interfaces, we can achieve abstraction and create reusable code.

Let's take an example to illustrate the process of designing classes. Suppose we are designing a sports team management system. We can start by designing two classes: Player and Team.

1<<code>>

In this example, we have a Player class that represents a player in a sports team. It has attributes like name, age, and jersey number, as well as getter methods to access these attributes. We also have a Team class that represents a sports team and contains a list of players. It has methods to add and remove players from the team, as well as a getter method to retrieve the list of players.

By designing the classes in a well-defined and organized manner, we can create a robust and maintainable system. The classes should have clear responsibilities, well-defined relationships, and appropriate abstraction to ensure code reusability and modularity.

xxxxxxxxxx

}

class Player {

    private String name;

    private int age;

    private int jerseyNumber;

​

    public Player(String name, int age, int jerseyNumber) {

        this.name = name;

        this.age = age;

        this.jerseyNumber = jerseyNumber;

    }

​

    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }

​

    public int getAge() {

        return age;

    }

​

    public int getJerseyNumber() {

        return jerseyNumber;

    }

}

​

class Team {

    private List<Player> players;

​

    public Team() {

        players = new ArrayList<>();