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When designing a high-level system, one of the important aspects to consider is how to handle __ storage. Data storage is crucial for storing and retrieving data efficiently.

There are several ways to handle data storage, depending on the requirements of the system:

1. Relational Databases: Relational databases provide a structured way to store data using tables and relationships between tables. They ensure data integrity and support complex querying using SQL. Popular relational databases include MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle.

2. NoSQL Databases: NoSQL databases are non-relational databases that are designed to handle large volumes of unstructured or semi-structured data. They provide flexible schemas and horizontal scaling. Examples of NoSQL databases include MongoDB, Cassandra, and Redis.

3. File Systems: File systems are used to store data in files and directories. They provide a simple way to organize and manage data but may not be suitable for complex querying or high scalability.

4. Cloud Storage: Cloud storage services, such as Amazon S3 and Google Cloud Storage, provide scalable and durable storage options with easy accessibility. They are ideal for storing large amounts of data and serving it over the internet.

The choice of data storage depends on factors such as data volume, query patterns, scalability requirements, and cost considerations. It's important to evaluate the pros and cons of different storage options and choose the one that best fits the system's needs.

Let's consider an example in the context of a job portal system. The system needs to store job listings, user profiles, and application data. A relational database like MySQL can be used to store structured data with relationships between tables. Here's a Java code snippet to illustrate the usage of MySQL:

1import java.sql.Connection;
2import java.sql.DriverManager;
3import java.sql.ResultSet;
4import java.sql.Statement;
5
6class Main {
7  public static void main(String[] args) {
8    try {
9      // Establish a connection to the MySQL database
10      Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/job_portal", "user", "password");
11
12      // Create a statement to execute SQL queries
13      Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
14
15      // Execute a query to fetch job listings
16      ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM job_listings");
17
18      // Iterate over the result set and process the data
19      while (resultSet.next()) {
20        int jobId = resultSet.getInt("id");
21        String jobTitle = resultSet.getString("title");
22
23        System.out.println("Job ID: " + jobId + ", Job Title: " + jobTitle);
24      }
25
26      // Close the resources
27      resultSet.close();
28      statement.close();
29      connection.close();
30    } catch (Exception e) {
31      e.printStackTrace();
32    }
33  }
34}

By carefully selecting and implementing the appropriate data storage solution, we can ensure efficient and reliable data management in our high-level system.