Introduction to Backtracking

Backtracking is a powerful algorithmic technique used to explore all potential solutions to a problem and identify those that satisfy a specific constraint. It is commonly used in various applications such as combinatorial problems, path finding, and Sudoku solving.

Backtracking works by incrementally building a solution and abandoning it as soon as it is determined to be invalid or unable to satisfy the constraint. This allows for an efficient exploration of the solution space, avoiding unnecessary computations.

By understanding the concept of backtracking, you will gain the ability to solve complex problems, like the classic N-Queens problem, which requires finding all possible configurations of placing N queens on an N x N chessboard without any two queens threatening each other.

In this lesson, we will dive into the fundamentals of backtracking, learn the basic backtracking algorithm, explore different backtracking techniques and optimizations, and apply backtracking to solve graph-related problems.

Let's get started by understanding the concept of backtracking and its applications.

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#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

​

int main() {

  // Replace with your C++ logic here

}