Scaling and Load Balancing

Scaling and load balancing are crucial aspects of system design that ensure the optimal performance and reliability of a system as it grows.

Scaling

When we talk about scaling, we refer to the ability of a system to handle increased load or accommodate growth. There are two types of scaling:

1. Vertical Scaling: Also known as scaling up, this approach involves increasing the resources of a single server or machine to handle more load. For example, upgrading the CPU, adding more memory, or increasing disk space. Vertical scaling is easier to implement but has limitations since there is a maximum capacity for a single server.

2. Horizontal Scaling: Also known as scaling out, this approach involves adding more servers or machines to distribute the load across multiple instances. Horizontal scaling requires a load balancer to distribute incoming requests evenly among the servers. It provides better scalability and fault tolerance but requires more effort to set up and maintain.

Load Balancing

Load balancing is the technique of distributing incoming traffic or workload across multiple servers to optimize resource utilization, maximize throughput, and ensure high availability.

Load balancers play a crucial role in enabling horizontal scaling and ensuring that the load is evenly distributed among the servers. There are different load balancing algorithms that can be used, such as:

• Round Robin: Requests are distributed sequentially to each server in the rotation.
• Least Connections: Requests are routed to the server with the fewest active connections.
• IP Hash: Requests are distributed based on the client's IP address.

By using load balancing, system designers can achieve improved performance by preventing any single server from becoming a bottleneck and ensuring fault tolerance and high availability.

xxxxxxxxxx

class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // Scaling and Load Balancing

        // Replace with your Java logic here

        int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};

        int sum = 0;

​

        for (int number : numbers) {

            sum += number;

        }

​

        double average = (double) sum / numbers.length;

        System.out.println("Sum: " + sum);

        System.out.println("Average: " + average);

    }

}