Related concepts

Where there are patterns, there should be anti-patterns. Indeed, a mere year after the original Gang of Four book, another influential book was released, AntiPatterns: Refactoring Software, Architectures, and Projects in Crisis. The book covered bad practices in software development, software architecture, and project management. Some of the most well-known anti-patterns covered in the book include Spaghetti Code, Cut-and-Paste Programming, Vendor Lock-In, Architecture by Implication, Design by Committee, Reinvent the Wheel, Analysis Paralysis, and Death by Planning.

Interestingly, when design patterns get overused, many in the development community start to treat them as anti-patterns. The Singleton pattern is the primary example of such evolution.

In addition to design patterns, there are architectural patterns that are similar in spirit but have a broader scope and apply to the design of an application as a whole. Some of the most popular architectural patterns include Model-View-Controller (MVC), Model-View-ViewModel (MVVM), Enterprise Service Bus (ESB), and Peer-to-Peer (P2P).